The Arts and Crafts Garden

     The Victorian Villa style garden was viewed as a traditional, informal and small garden next to the house in the early 1400's. The Tudor and Elizabethan styles were very influential in the more recent style and design of the "Arts and Crafts Garden" in the start of 1870. The wheels of fashion for the Victorian Villa style garden were turning and the search for a more informal style within a formal garden setting was desired. This desired for features such as gazebos and terraces within the garden. 
    People desired for a new style of garden therefore, two individuals played a role in transforming this wish. Robinson, a gardener and Blomfield an architect battled their ideas and beliefs about how the garden should be created. Robinson wanted the garden to be inspired by nature utilizing different plants which took more of a naturalist approach. Whereas, Blomfield thought that because the garden was in such close proximity of the house it should have the more formal Renaissance look to it. However, shortly after these individuals input to the Victorian Villa, the "Arts and Crafts Garden" emerged. 
     This "Arts and Crafts" garden stood for traditional craftsmanship through the utilization of simple forms of romantic decoration. Two individuals who played a huge role in this movement, were Gertrude Jekyll and Edwin Lutyens in the mid 1800' s to early 1900's. Gertrude was an incredibly talented gardener and was well educated, which was rather unheard of at the time because most women did not attend schooling. Her ideas and talent involving planting and bedding within the Villa was inspirational and incredibly detailed. The gardens looked as if they were meant to be that way. She highlights the clear cut paths and bunches of plants within the garden well. It adds a contrast within the garden and carries a formal look within the more informal house setting. Lutyens was an architect that designed the overall layout of the gardens and the house which set up the stage for Gertrude to design the bedding and planting. Their work together created such beautiful gardens, one in particular is the Anne Hathaway garden that is rather large and sits on about 12 acres. 
     This fusion of house and garden that these two individuals created was rather incredible and difficult for anyone else to create. Impressionism was also introduced within Jekyll's gardens through an artist in whom she trained. This new garden carried a rather romantic and old fashioned air about it. 


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Urban Green Space in the 21st Century

        The city of Copenhagen stands out in a rather unique way when compared to other cities because it has a fair amount of urban green space within it. On our field trips we visited several of these spaces. This included the Frederiksberg Park, Orstedsparken, Botanisk Have, and the Rosenborg Castle Gardens. Each of these spaces offers something different to the citizens of Copenhagen. They also differ in their appearance in comparison to one another. 

       The Frederiksberg park was inspired by Prince Frederik in 1671-1730. It carried an Italian and French influence. It was originally built and used as a royal family summer residence. However, now it is used for a place for people to go to and enjoy a bit more of the country side. As we explored the different parts of the garden, it became clear that this was a space used for families and friends to relax and enjoy social interaction. I passed many people running along the paths of the park as well as moms and dads pushing their children in strollers and people walking their dogs. We were also told that many people come here in the summer time to tan, drink and enjoy the summer days as much as possible. The curved pathways within the tall trees provided a more enclosed and remote feeling within the park. The body of water integrated in it, breaks up the park and provides a peaceful view with the different ducks and swans that people feed and sit by. 

      Orstedparken contains many tall trees that provide a barricade from the big city buildings which creates a physical barrier from the city. This barrier was intended to serve that purpose back in the 19th century. We discussed how much of its old character is still maintained today. The bridge split the Northern half of the city from the rest of it and the bridge is still in the park but is built in a different spot over the lake to integrate the park as a whole. Most of its topography remains the same today such as the low trees and plants around the water. The close proximity of this park to the city makes it easily accessible for people to utilize. One thing that I noticed as we walked around during our field study, was that a lot of people took their lunch break here. This serves as a great opportunity for people to get fresh air and time outside throughout their long day in an office as well as socializing with their colleagues outside of the office. 

       These different urban green spaces offers a unique element to the city of Copenhagen because they are embedded within a city. This allows for the people of Copenhagen to immerse themselves in the city life but then have a space close in proximity to the city to provide them with a space that allows for a break from their busy life. 




Frederiksborg Park 

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Orstedparken

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